• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT12215U1
    申请号:T0065310U
    申请日:2010-10-21
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Pact Technologies Switzerland Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Austrian Patent Office AT12 215U1 2012-01-15
    description
    PROCESS FOR CONNECTING TWO PLASTIC PLATES
    The invention relates to a method for rolling and joining plastic sheets.
    A generic method for connecting two plastic sheets of poly-methyl methacrylate (hereinafter PMMA), acrylic plastic or Plexiglas is known from DE 44 39 419 A1. Here it is proposed to heat two plastic plates on the surface to temperatures between 130 ° C and 200 ° C and then to press them between a pair of rollers. The temperature in the core of the plastic plates is always kept below the so-called. Vicat softening temperature VIT of the PMMA plastic. Depending on the type of PMMA plastic or its average molecular weight, this characteristic temperature may well vary. Between the plastic plates heated in the manner described above, flat objects such as images or foils, or elongated objects such as threads, wires or thin webs of other plastics can be inserted between the plastic plates before being rolled and stored by pressing between the plastic plates.
    Furthermore, methods for the production of acrylic blocks with cast-in objects in a form are known, for example from DE 202 04 614 U1. Such methods have the disadvantage that the objects can be fixed only with difficulty.
    A problem with the previously known procedures is that objects in which the ratio of height to length or width is more than 30%, such as spherical or conical objects, not or only consuming a defined plane between two Plastic plates can be poured. In the pouring technique, the objects inside the liquid plastic would sink to the ground or float depending on their density. The plastic can not actively be pressed against the objects during hardening and enclose them. This can easily form gas pockets on the objects.
    Object of the present invention is to provide a method for rolling of objects in which the ratio of height to length or width is greater than 30%, to provide within two plastic plates, wherein in the resulting plastic plate, the objects in one should be arranged defined plane and form at the edges of the objects no gas inclusions.
    This object is achieved with a method for rolling and joining at least two plastic plates, each having a joining side and a rolling side, at their joining sides, with the method steps: a) placement of objects in which the ratio of the height to whose width and / or length is greater than 30%, the height of the objects being measured on an axis orthogonal to the joining side of the plastic plates, on the joining side of a plastic plate, b) separate heating of two plastic plates on the joining side, 0009] - at a superficial, outermost boundary layer a temperature TerW2 is reached at which the viscosity of the plastic is between 10,000 Pa * s and 200,000 Pa * s, - and in an inner layer which lies at a depth of the plastic plates which corresponds to 40% of the height of the objects, a temperature Tewi is reached at which the viscosity of the plastic between 200 000 Pa * s and 1 000 000 Pa * s, and wherein the rolling sides are maintained at a temperature T2 which is at least 10K below Teiwi, c) rolling the two plastic plates between two rollers, wherein the plastic plates are arranged facing each other with their joining sides and wherein the plastic plates are supplied at an angle so that as long as a gap between the objects and the open side of a feed side is maintained until the objects are enclosed by plastic.
    With the above method, objects in which the ratio of height to length or width is greater than 30% can now be arranged in a defined plane in a PMMA plastic plate, wherein the position of the plane on the material thickness ratio the previously inserted plastic plates can be adjusted. Advantageously, the plastic PMMA is used, this is repeatedly reversible melted. However, other fusible plastics, in particular amorphous thermoplastics, are also conceivable. The plane is where, before joining, the joining sides of the plastic sheets were fused together after being rolled in the plane in the plastic product. The side facing away from the joining side of the plastic plates is the rolling side, which is used in the Verwalzschritt as a mechanical bridge to transfer the contact pressure of the rollers on the facing joining sides and the objects to be rolled. So here is a pressure built up, which causes the viscous plastic enclosing the objects on all sides. For this purpose, the rolling side is not melted during the heating, but held at a lower temperature. For this purpose, the rolling side is advantageously brought into contact with a surface whose temperature is 300 K to 600 K below the temperature of a radiator. Advantageously, the temperature of the surface with which the rolling side of the plastic plates is in contact, between 150 K and 250 K below the temperature to which the joining side of the plastic plates is heated.
    The temperature is chosen so that the plastic can completely enclose the objects. The joining side is heated until the temperature has reached Teiwi to a depth which should be up to 80% as high as the subsequent penetration depth of an object. The penetration depth is about half the height of an object. At an outer boundary layer, the temperature is greater and is referred to below as TeiW2. At temperature Teiw2, the plastic has a lower viscosity than terwi, it is less tough here. Depending on the type of plastic used Terwi is between 100 ° C and 200 ° C and Terw2 between 150 ° C and 300 ° C. From a certain temperature, some plastics become so low viscosity that they start to drip quickly. This should be prevented, since in this case the plastic plates can not be fed with mutually facing joining sides of the rollers without dripping plastic plate from the upper to the lower plastic.
    It has also been shown that arise from a certain dependent on the type of plastic and Kunststoffherstellungsart temperature bubbles. Depolymerization increases at this temperature. The polymer decomposes back into its constituents. The resulting monomers boil immediately and form gas bubbles. This temperature can be exceeded by 50K to 70K at higher pressures. In the case of the rolling technique, however, atmospheric pressure is used except for the area between the rolls. Here, however, the temperature can no longer be influenced at the required point. For many types of PMMA, the critical temperature described herein at atmospheric pressure is between 220 ° C and 280 ° C.
    As objects to be embedded such objects are in question, the orthogonal to the joint surface have a lower height than the still existing after rolling thickness of the assembled plastic sheets. The distance of an object from the outer contour of the plastic product is preferably at least 5% as large as the height of the plastic product. It can be coffee beans, balls of ball bearings and particularly preferably so-called rhinestones. These are glass stones, which have been processed after a so-called brilliant cut. It is preferably used a crystal glass, which has a very high lead content and thus a very high refractive index. This effect with the ground surfaces with a rotation of the rhinestones relative to the eye of the observer with light incidence as a result of frequent reflections within the rhinestone a funneling effect. The refractive index of crystal glass is between 1.9 and 2.2 with visible light. By contrast, the refractive index of transparent plastic is between 1.4 and 1.7 with visible light. For example, PMMA has a refractive index of about 1.49. If you bed now according to the method of the invention in transparent plastic, so creates a very peculiar appearance. The rhinestones are clearly perceptible because their material has a higher refractive index than PMMA. They seem to float in the plastic.
    Advantageously, the rhinestones are arranged in the plates so that their central axes passing through the point are orthogonal to the defined plane within the plastic plates. Viewed from above or from below, the glass objects have a polygonal outer contour.
    It must be ensured that the heating takes place only on the joining side, on which the objects to be rolled are inserted, so that the plastic plates are still manageable and not lose their shape. Therefore, the plastic plates are advantageously during heating on a substrate, for example a drawer made of a solid, heat-resistant material, preferably metal. The drawer advantageously has a substantially flat surface and is suitable for keeping the temperature of the plastic sheet on the side remote from the joining side, the rolling side low. For example, here comes a relatively thick sheet in question, which has a good heat transfer index and thus absorbs a lot of heat from the rolling side of the plastic plate in itself and the plastic plate on the rolling side "cools". The temperature on the rolling side is advantageously after rolling at 20 ° C to 95 ° C.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a drawer can also be actively cooled with a heat transfer fluid. For this purpose, lines for the heat transfer fluid can be provided within the drawer. Via a supply line of the drawer cool heat transfer fluid is supplied to a drain this is discharged. Preferably, water is used as the heat transfer fluid.
    In this way it can be ensured that even relatively thin plastic plates, including plastic plates are understood by less than 20 mm or even 10 mm thickness, can be heated on the joining side, without the heat penetrates the plastic plate to the rolling side. The plastic plates can be removed after heating in one piece from the oven, they bend at most slightly.
    The relatively low heat transfer coefficient of 0.3 to 0.5 W / m2K of plastic ensures that the temperature distribution in the plastic plate does not homogenize quickly. At least near the ground, where the plastic was in contact with the surface of the drawer, the PMMA retains its hard, glassy properties. On the joining side within the heated zone, however, the material is so soft that it can completely enclose the objects to be rolled in the rolling step.
    Advantageously, the objects penetrate only by 5% to 80% of the material thickness of a first and a second plastic plate before rolling. As mentioned, the viscosity of the plastic will increase over the increasing depth. The area of the tip is less critical with respect to the penetration of the plastic through the objects than in the area where the plastic plates are joined, here a lower viscosity is desired to enclose the objects. For this purpose, it is also necessary that until the last an air gap is present to the outside, which is maintained until the objects are enclosed by plastic. For this purpose, reference is also made to FIGS. 6 and 7, in which the process is depicted.
    As also described in DE 44 39 419 A1, the pair of rollers should not damage the plastic plates during the rolling. Since a certain force of preferably approx. 200 N to 800 N acts on the plates from the upper roller, this with a plastic plate width of 100 mm to 800 mm, it must be ensured that the plates are not completely covered by the Austrian patent office AT12 215U1 2012-01 On the other hand, the rollers are so smooth that they leave no imprint on the PMMA plastic plates. One possibility is to provide here polished rollers whose surface is macroscopically very smooth, alternatively, the surface of the rollers may be very soft in relation to the rolled acrylic sheets, z. B. be coated with an elastomer.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention recesses can be milled with a mill before heating in the plastic plates or stamped an embossing die or the like, on the one hand to define the future position of the objects and on the other hand, the flow path to which the viscous plastic during the Verwalz-step must flow around the object to keep small so as to further counteract the formation of trapped air. The flow path is understood here to mean the path which PMMA material has to cover in order to enclose an object or to come into contact with the oncoming material of the respective corresponding PMMA plastic plate. In particular, in this area of contact, in the immediate vicinity of an object, the probability that form air pockets during the Verwalzens, very large. This can be counteracted by the provision of recesses before inserting the objects as far as possible.
    The recesses in the plastic plates may optionally be previously provided on both plastic plates or on only one plastic plate, preferably the lower plastic plate. The arrangement of the recesses within a plane is arbitrary. A pattern, a chaotic arrangement, a typeface or a symbol can be created.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the recesses are designed so that the objects can occupy only a certain arrangement within the recess or milling. Brilliant-cut rhinestones are shaped with a polygonal, conical basic shape, with as many angled milling surfaces as possible, so that light incident on the crystal is reflected on as many surfaces as possible within the crystal, thus generating the sparkling effect. By having all the rhinestones within a plane have the same orientation, a particularly effective appearance can be created.
    By the provision of recesses can be further prevented that the volume which occupy the objects within the PMMA plastic plates, can actually be provided and must not be displaced by the objects. Thus it can be avoided that plastic displaced by the objects leads to buckling or warping.
    Furthermore, the provision of recesses in at least one plastic plate has the advantage that locally foci of elevated temperature occur at the objects, where there is a relation to the other plastic plate elevated temperature. The objects promote the heat transfer to the surface of the recess. This is precisely where the lowest viscosity of the plastic must prevail so that the objects can be enclosed. The formation of the oven with elevated temperature compared to the rest of the plastic plate is favored by two effects: first, the object can have a higher heat transfer coefficient than the plastic, which can be assumed when using crystals as an object, on the other hand, the objects are during the Heating closer to the heat source, since they advantageously protrude from the recess, so that they are also heated more than the surface of the plastic plate.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a film can be rolled with between the plastic plates. The foil can be used for positioning and visual underlining of the objects. Here, various embodiments are possible: the objects can be arranged offset with respect to the film in a plastic plate inside. This can be realized by making the recess deep enough on the corresponding plastic plate so that an entire object fits into it. Alternatively, a 4/14 Austrian Patent Office AT12 215U1 2012-01-15
    Penetrate the objects intended by the slide. Advantageously, the film is a plastic that is suitable to be glued to the rolled plastic sheets by thermal bonding.
    The joining sides should be as free as possible of impurities such as dirt, dust, fatty substances, etc. The contaminants would be visible within the rolled flap. Furthermore, the joining sides should be absolutely dry. Residual moisture builds bubbles in the plastic sheets.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plastic plates are annealed prior to heating. Annealing is a process that reduces the distribution of mechanical stresses in the plastic plates by heating. The tensions have arisen during cooling or during the polymerization, ie during the production of the plastic PMMA. The plates are brought to a temperature just above the upper so-called relaxation limit during tempering. Then they are slowly and steadily cooled to the lower limit of relaxation. At the same time, residues of moisture are eliminated during tempering. Advantageously, the plastic sheets are heated to 70 ° C to 100 ° C for 2 to 6 hours before the application of the method according to the invention. It is not excluded to repeat this step after rolling, so that any tensions can be removed.
    According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first and the second plastic plate are the pair of rollers angled to each other at an angle of more than 2 degrees and fed at most 20 degrees. The plates are spread by rolling as a result of the material dammed up in the immediate vicinity of the rollers on the feed side. If this spreading force-free, without compressing the plastic plates before, the risk of longitudinal residual stresses in the verwalzten plastic plates is reduced.
    Further advantages and features of the method according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the embodiments discussed below. In the drawings: FIG. 1: FIG. 2: FIG. 3: FIG. 4: FIG. 5: [0039] FIG. 6: [0040] FIG. 7: [0041] FIG 8: FIG. 9:
    A perspective view of a furnace with a plastic plate on a drawer, which protrudes from the oven, the side view of a portion of a plastic plate and the desired temperature distribution in the cross section of the plastic plate after heating and the viscosity of a PMMA plastic for a temperature range, a diagram with the schematic profile of the shear strength over the temperature for an amorphous thermoplastic, in perspective, the preparation of recesses in a plastic plate with a milling cutter, in perspective, the insertion of objects on the adhesive side of a plastic plate, in perspective, the heating of a plastic plate with it arranged objects, schematically from a side view, the rolling of two plastic plates between two rollers, schematically the process on a rhinestone during the Verwalzens immediately before the area near the object the upper and the lower plastic plate meet, schematically an object enclosed between two plastic plates with an air gap pointing to a feed side, FIG. 10: an object in a plastic product without air inclusions, and FIG Figure 11: a rhinestone in a plastic product with unwanted Luftein conclusions.
    In Figure 1, an oven 4 for heating plastic plates 1, 2 is shown schematically. In the oven 4 is a heater 14, not shown here, which transfers heat as evenly as possible to the plastic plates 1, 2. The heat transfer takes place by convection and by radiation. So that the plastic plates 1, 2 retain their shape during heating and do not melt, they are cooled on their undersides, with which they rest, the later rolling sides 8, 8 '. This is done by a heat transfer fluid in the supply line 5 of the drawer 6 is supplied and discharged in the drain 11. Within the drawer 6 are not shown heat transfer means, which can also be of very simple construction, for example by the drawer 6 is designed inside its horizontal with a partition plate. Above the partition plate flows through the supply line 5 to cold heat transfer medium, there absorbs the outgoing from the surface 9 of the drawer heat and is supplied to the bottom 11 of the partition plate to the drain 11. Alternatively, located inside the drawer 6 is a radiator, as known from internal combustion engines.
    By the plastic plates 1, 2 are cooled from below, it is possible even thin plastic plates 1, 2 of significantly less than 20 mm from one side by air convection heat and radiant heat to heat so much that the plastic plates 1, 2 the in Figure 2 shown temperature profile within its cross-section. It heats not only a region near the border, but also underlying layers. At least up to an inner layer 32, the plastic should be heated to a temperature Terwi at which it has a lower viscosity than above a characteristic for the plastic glass transition temperature TG. At least 40% of their height, the objects 3 penetrate into this inner layer 32 during subsequent Verwal-zen. Values between 200 000 Pa * s and 1000 000 Pa * s can be reached. At a surface, outermost boundary layer 31 is at a temperature Teiw2 a lower viscosity between 10,000 and 200,000 Pa * s before. Here, Pa * s is a pascal multiplied by one second, which corresponds to one N * s per m2. For the temperature profile over the cross section, the course of the viscosity for a PMMA plastic is further shown in Figure 2. Visible is the strong dependence of the viscosity on the temperature, an increase by 30K causes a more than ten times lower viscosity.
    If the temperature TeiW2 further exceeded, then vapor bubbles in the plastic, which are undesirable. Good results are achieved when using Ple-xiglasXT® at a temperature TeiW2 at the outermost boundary layer 31 of 200 ° C +/- 5 ° C. For other types of plastic, there may be significant deviations from this temperature. On the rolling side 8, 8 'advantageously prevails a lower temperature T2, in which the plastic is still hochiviskos or glassy. Thus, the plastic plates 1, 2 retain their shape and can be supplied after heating for the next processing step without completely melting or sticking to the surface 10 of the drawer 6.
    In the interior of the oven 4, a radiator 14 is arranged at a distance of between 2 cm and 20 cm, preferably at a distance of between 8 and 12 cm from the plastic plates 1, 2. The transfer of heat from the radiator 14 to the plastic plates 1, 2 takes place by convection over ambient air and IR radiation. The lower the material thickness of the plastic plates 1, 2, the faster the desired temperature distribution is achieved. Accordingly, the plastic plates 1, 2 not so long in the oven 4. Critical in this regard, the outermost boundary layer 31 of the joining side 7, 7 ', because here the outgoing from the radiator 14 convection and radiant heat is greatest. By internal convection and radiation within the plastic plate 1, 2, the heat is dissipated to deeper areas. This happens the faster, the lower the material thickness of the plastic plates 1, 2 is. For larger material thicknesses, it should be noted that the outermost boundary layer 31 of the joining side 7, 7 'is not overheated, but the temperature Te, wi should be reached on an inner layer 32. Thus, with a greater material thickness, decreasing radiator AT12 results 215U1 2012-01-15 temperatures and longer heating times. The surface 10 of the drawer 6 is preferably cooled with cold tap water or water from a separate cooling circuit to about 10 ° to 30 ° C. The following empirical heating times and radiator temperatures were determined as a function of the material thickness of the plastic sheets 1, 2: Material thickness: 6 mm; Heater temperature: 550 ° C; Heating time: 90 sec, material thickness: 8 mm; Heater temperature: 500 ° C; Heating time: 135 sec, material thickness: 10 mm; Heater temperature: 440 ° C; Heating time: 270 sec, material thickness: 12 mm; Heater temperature: 440 ° C; Heating time: 300 sec, material thickness: 15 mm; Heater temperature: 420 ° C; Heating time: 450 sec, material thickness: 20 mm; Radiator temperature: 400 ° C; Heating time: 480 sec.
    FIG. 3 shows graphically how the shear strength of an amorphous thermoplastic changes over temperature. From a glass transition temperature TG specific for each type of plastic, the plastic softens noticeably. This temperature should not be reached on the rolling side 8, 8 'of the plastic plates 1, 2. Rather, a temperature T2 prevail here, in which the plastic is still highly viscous and its shear strength is high. At the so-called glass transition temperature TG, the shear strength becomes so low that a more meaningful measure of the strength of the plastic is the viscosity.
    At the Teiwi temperature, a viscosity is between 200,000 Pa * s and 1,000,000 PA * s. At the temperature Terw2 there is a viscosity of between 10 000 Pa * s and 200 000 PA * s. When measuring the viscosity, it should be noted that this decreases with increasing shear rate of a plastic, since molten plastics are pseudoplastic. The shear rate is the change in a discrete velocity of a layer relative to a layer below it. The shear rate of the plastic is low in the process according to the invention, in the range of 1 / s to 10 / s. Even in this small area, the viscosity can almost double.
    In Figure 4 is shown how the recesses 9 can be made on the plastic plates 1, 2. A milling cutter 22 has a milling tool 23 and can be moved along three axes X, Y and Z in space relative to the plastic plate 1, 2. The milling tool 23 is advantageously designed so that the milling cutter 22 only has to be discontinued once in order to produce the desired recess 9. For example, the milling tool 9 may be sharpened at its end. Alternatively, the milling tool 23 is guided in order to be able to mill out a predefined recess 9.
    In Figure 5, the insertion of objects is shown in a perspective view. Here are 1 recesses 9 present in the first plastic plate, but that does not have to be so. If the objects to be placed in relation to the plastic plates 1, 2 are very small, for example, along their largest outer dimension only 1% to 10% as large as a plastic plate, it is not absolutely necessary to provide recesses. However, this can be deviated from in individual cases in order to facilitate positioning of the objects 3 and to avoid slipping. The placement of the objects 3 can be done with a kind of setting box in which the objects 3 adhere in the desired arrangement and orientation and can be ejected manually. However, the objects 3 can also be placed individually by hand, for example with tweezers. It is important to ensure the greatest possible cleanliness, as also dust grains and fingerprints can be visible after the Verwalzschritt.
    Figure 6 illustrates how in the oven 4 heat is transferred from a radiator 14 to a first plastic plate 1. However, the second plastic plate 2 is heated in the same manner. The objects 7 can serve as additional heat transfer sources in order to transport the heat further into the interior of the plastic plate 1. At the bottom in FIG. 6 is a cooling line 15, which extracts heat from the surface 10 of the drawer 6, so that the plastic plate 1 is cooled by its rolling side 8. 7/14 Austrian Patent Office AT12 215U1 2012-01-15 The rolling of the plastic plates 1, 2 into a plastic product 20 is shown in FIG. The transfer of the plastic plates 1, 2 from the furnace 4 to the rollers must be done so quickly that the heated zone 28 does not cool down too much. At a feed side 26, the plastic plates 1 and 2 are fed to the rollers. In the region in which the plastic plates 1 and 2 come into contact with each other, the compression causes a spread apart of the plastic plates 1, 2. This is difficult to avoid but also conducive to the formation of an air gap 21, which is necessary in order, as in FIG 9, air from the closing area in the immediate vicinity of an object 3, shown here as rhinestone 12, to escape.
    The air gap 21 must be maintained until the plastic has completely enclosed the object 3 or the rhinestones 12. Optionally, the user can actively promote the spread apart of the plastic plates 1 and 2 by pulling them apart a little when it is recognized that the plastic plates 1 and 2 are already threatening to fuse together without the object 3 or the rhinestone 12 enclosed has been. Otherwise, air or gas inclusions 13 form, as shown in FIG. 11.
    If the two plastic plates 1, 2 merge together only after an object 3 has been completely enclosed, the plastic product 20 according to the invention is produced with an object 3 or strass stone 12 that apparently floats in the material. The objects 3 are completely surrounded by plastic, air pockets 13 are not present, this is illustrated in FIG. 10.
    The rollers 18, 19 may be rigidly mounted and have a polished metal surface. This has the disadvantage that the pressing force acting on the plastic plates 1, 2 during the rolling process can not or only roughly be estimated. It is advantageous to be able to set a defined contact force of the rollers 18, 19. The contact force is advantageously provided via a spring, not shown. The spring may have hydraulic, mechanical or pneumatic action principles and combinations thereof. However, it is readily possible to provide the contact pressure over at least one weight, wherein the weight of the upper roller 18 can be additionally used. A protection of the rolling side 8, 8 'of the plastic plates 1, 2 can be achieved by the roller is coated with an elastomer. Any contamination can not damage the rolling side 8, 8 'so.
    It is to protect the rolling sides 8, 8 'of the plastic plates 1, 2 beyond possible to leave the usual upon delivery of prefabricated PMMA plastic plates protective film on the plastic plates 1, 2. However, this has the disadvantages that during the heating in the oven 4, the plastic plates 1, 2 are isolated from the surface 10 of the drawer 6 and the heat transfer is impaired by the film. As a result, less heat can be dissipated from the plastic plates 1, 2, whereby the risk of overheating exists. In addition, it is possible that improperly separated film residues, which protrude beyond the base of a plastic plate 1.2 in the interior of the furnace 4, burn.
    Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the claims. Any combination of claims is reserved.
    REFERENCE LIST 1. first plastic plate 2. second plastic plate 3. objects 4. oven 5. supply line 6. drawer 7. joining side 8. rolling side 9. recess 8/14
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    AT12 215U1 2012-01-15 Austrian Patent Office
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on at least one plastic plate (1 or 2) on the joining side (7 or 7 ') before step a) recesses (9) for receiving the objects (3) are provided, which in the finished plastic product (20) are no longer recognizable.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the recesses (9) are arranged on both joining sides (7, 7 '). 9/14 Austrian Patent Office AT12 215U1 2012-01-15
    [4]
    4. The method according to claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the recesses (9) orthogonal with respect to the plane which form the mutually facing joining sides (7, 7 '), have a different depth, so that in the finished plastic product Objects (3) are arranged offset with respect to the plane.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the recesses (9) on the two plastic plate (1, 2) are provided, wherein the recesses (9) correspond to each other.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the common volume of at least one recesses (9) correspond to at least 10% of the volume, which occupies an object (3).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the objects (3) at the end of step b) the temperature of the objects (3) is at least 10K higher than that of the heated zone (28).
    [8]
    8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second plastic plate (1, 2) the pair of rollers (18, 19) angled to each other at an angle of more than 2 degrees and less than 20 ° are supplied.
    [9]
    9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling side (8, 8 ') is additionally cooled with a heat transfer medium.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic plates (1, 2) annealed prior to the process step of heating, in particular for 2 hours to 6 hours at 70 ° C to 100 ° C are heated.
    10. Surface 11. Drain 12. Rhinestone 13. Air trapping 14. Radiator 15. Cooling line 16. Buckle 17. Zero line 18. Upper roll 19. Lower roll 20. Plastic product 21. Air gap 22. Milling cutter 23. Milling tool 26. Feeding side 27. Rolled 28. Stable zone 29. Stable zone 31. Outermost boundary layer 32. Inner layer Claims 1. A method for rolling and joining at least two plastic plates (1, 2), each having a joining side (7, 7 ') and a rolling side (8, 8 '), at their joining sides (7, 7'), with the method steps: a) placing objects (3) in which the ratio of the height to its width and / or length is greater than 30%, the height the objects are measured on an axis orthogonal to the joining side (7, 7 ') of the plastic plates, on the joining side (7, 7') of a plastic plate (1, 2), b) separate heating of two plastic plates (1, 2) on the joining side (7, 7 '), where - on a superficial outermost boundary layer (31) a temperature TeiW2 is reached, in which the viscosity of the plastic between 10,000 Pa * s and 200,000 Pa * s is -, and in an inner layer (32) which in a depth of the plastic plates (1, 2 ), which corresponds to 40% of the height of the objects (3), a temperature Teiwi is reached at which the viscosity of the plastic between 200,000 Pa * s and 1,000,000 Pa * s, wherein the rolling sides (8, 8 c) rolling the two plastic plates (1, 2) between two rollers (19, 20), wherein the plastic plates (1, 2) engage each other with their joining sides (1 2) and wherein the plastic plates (1, 2) are fed at an angle such that a gap (21) is maintained between the objects (3) and the open side of a feed side (26) until the objects ( 3) are enclosed by plastic.
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that between the plastic plates (1, 2) further comprises a film is arranged, in particular, that on this film objects (3) are arranged.
    [12]
    12. A transparent plastic product (20), preferably PMMA, wherein therein objects (3), preferably provided with a brilliant cut glass crystals (12), free of air inclusions (13) are arranged in a plane, wherein the plane disposed within the plastic product (20) is at least 10% of a lower or upper parallel to the plane outer surfaces spaced. 4 sheets of drawings 10/14
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    EP2138303A3|2013-04-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE4439419A1|1994-11-04|1996-05-09|Roehm Gmbh|Process for the thermal bonding of acrylic plastic parts|
    US20060147655A1|2001-07-25|2006-07-06|Lumicor|Solid surface products|
    DE20204614U1|2002-03-22|2002-09-26|Wilmschen Hans D|Block cast from transparent plastic with a cast-in container|
    JP2004113617A|2002-09-27|2004-04-15|Tokyo Shinju Kk|Ornament, and its production method|AT510589B1|2010-11-18|2012-05-15|Pact Technologies Switzerland Ag|METHOD FOR PRODUCING PLASTIC OBJECTS WITH OBJECTS INCLUDED|
    AT511526A1|2011-05-17|2012-12-15|Pact Technologies Consulting & Trading Gmbh|CRYSTAL inclusions|
    法律状态:
    2019-08-15| MK07| Expiry|Effective date: 20190630 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102008030152|2008-06-27|
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